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Title: Police arrest student during protest, Durban, 1985
Subject: Arrest (Police methods), Police brutality, Student protesters, Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: Police, carrying sjamboks (traditionally, rhinocerous hide whips, but often made of flexible plastic), arrest a student after breaking up protests that followed the assassination of United Democratic Front (UDF) leader and human rights lawyer, Victoria Mxenge, in Durban.
Identifier: islandora:860

Title: Oral history interview with Dinilesizwe Sobukwe, Robert Sobukwe's son
Subject: Oral history, Sobukwe, Robert Mangaliso, Political activists--South Africa--Biography, Pan Africanist Congress--History, South Africa--Politics and government--1961-1978, Anti-apartheid movements--South Africa--History, Government, Resistance to--South Africa,
Description: The interviews in this collection focus on the life history of Robert Sobukwe, teacher, lecturer, lawyer, secretary of the African National Congress (ANC) Branch in Standerton and first president of the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC). Interviewees include Achmat Cassiem (activist and Robben Island prisoner), Benjamin Pogrund (author of his autobiography), Charmaine van Tonder (Robert Sobukwe's neighbour) and Dinilesizwe Sobukwe (Robert Sobukwe's son). Themes include: the controversy regarding his burial; the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC); reflections on his funeral; his life on Robben Island; Sobukwe as a father; the Sharpeville Massacre and his work at the University of the Witwatersrand (WITS) . This sub-collection originated as research for the Albert Luthuli Young Historians award 2010., Pin13.04.mp3: Part 1 of 1 ; 20:15 min. ; interview 4 of 5
Identifier: islandora:19442

Title: Oral history interview with Tamsanqa Percival Ngoma [Part 1 of 2]
Subject: Oral history, Drinking of alcoholic beverages--Social aspects--South Africa, Apartheid--South Africa, Alcohol--Government policy--South Africa
Description: This project spans three sub-collections. This case study in Langa in the Western Cape examines the socio-political environment and racial/gender discrimination with regards to alcohol under apartheid policies. Themes include: African traditional beer (umqombothi), anti-government protests, discriminatory laws, the Eastern Cape, government beer halls, government policy with respect to alcohol, hostels, housing, migrant labour, racialised spaces, the 1976 riots, shebeens (a bar, predominately in the townships where alcohol is sold) and the smuggling of alcohol by residents., Pin7.09a.mp3: Part 1 of 2 ; 31:46 min. ; interview 9 of 16
Identifier: islandora:22553

Title: Winnie exits an aeroplane carrying her baby granddaughter, Cape Town
Subject: Mandela, Winnie, Anti-apartheid activists, Babies
Description: Mrs Winnie Mandela alights from a charter aircraft at the DF Malan Airport. She is carrying her granddaughter.
Identifier: islandora:14397

Title: Defending ANC flag, Langa township, 1987
Subject: Funeral service, Police, Youth--Political activity, Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: The Muslim leader, Moulana Faried Essack, tries to stop police from removing an African National Congress (ANC) flag draped over the coffin of slain ANC member, Ashley Kriel, in Langa township, Cape Town, July 1987. Symbols of the ANC, though illegal, were visible at funerals, an insistent reminder of the political meaning of the deaths.
Identifier: islandora:904

Title: Mother holding bloodstained shirt, Tembisa township, Transvaal, 1985
Subject: Police shootings, Political violence, Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: A mother holds up the bloodstained shirt of her son, shot in the back by police. According to government statistics, 381 people were killed in "unrest" incidents between September 1984 and April 1985. The government's own statistics acknowledged that three quarters of these victims died as a direct result of police action.
Identifier: islandora:874

Title: Student protest, Durban, 1986
Subject: Student protesters, Youth--Political activity, Demonstrations, Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: Students at Lamontville High School protest against South African Defense Force (SADF) attacks on African National Congress (ANC) refugees in Zambia and Zimbabwe. The ANC was banned before these students were born.
Identifier: islandora:879

Title: Sol Rachilo, Johannesburg, 1958
Subject: Johannesburg (South Africa)--Social conditions, Apartheid--South Africa--Johannesburg, Commercial photography--South Africa--Johannesburg, Magazine covers--South Africa--Johannesburg, Drum (Johannesburg, South Africa)
Description: Sol Rachilo, actor and entrepreneur, posing for a promotional pamphlet for Drum, the first magazine in South Africa that featured black cover-girls. Johannesburg, 1958.
Identifier: islandora:7472

Title: Election violence, South Africa, 1994
Subject: Apartheid--South Africa--Bekkersdal, Political violence--South Africa--Bekkersdal, History--Political aspects--South Africa--Bekkersdal, Best of Marinovich
Description: Azanian People's Organisation (Azapo) supporters charge at African National Congress (ANC) supporters in clashes between the police, army, Azapo and the ANC in Bekkersdal township, 1994.
Identifier: islandora:1197

Title: Save the Press campaign, 1989
Subject: Apartheid--South Africa, South Africa--Politics and government--1978-1989, South Africa--History--1961-1994, Demonstrations--South Africa, Political activists--South Africa,
Description: A gagged journalist outside Independent Newspapers in Cape Town, protesting against the draconian press laws during the 'Save the Press' campaign, Adderley Street, Cape Town, 1989.
Identifier: islandora:12572

Title: Macassar Coloured township near Somerset West, Cape Town
Subject: Apartheid, South Africa. Group Areas Act, 1950, Residential buildings, ,
Description: Many families rehoused at the Macassar Coloured township near Somerset West have returned to their squatter lives in the bush, officials say. The families say they cannot afford the rents at Macassar and that they prefer the bush to the township.
Identifier: islandora:15184

Title: Nelson Mandela, Treason Trial, Pretoria, 1958
Subject: Mandela, Nelson, 1918-2013, Political activists--South Africa--Pretoria, Apartheid--South Africa--Pretoria, Treason Trial, Pretoria, South Africa, 1956-1961
Description: On 13 October 1958, Moses Kotane and Nelson Mandela leave the Pretoria Court beaming with joy as the Crown had withdrawn their treason charges. However, on 19 January 1959, Nelson Mandela and 29 others were put on trial again, only to be found not-guilty two years later.
Identifier: islandora:7467

Title: Oral history interview with Moses Molelekwa [Part 1 of 2]
Subject: Oral history, Drinking of alcoholic beverages--Social aspects--South Africa, Apartheid--South Africa, Alcohol--Government policy--South Africa
Description: This project spans three sub-collections. This case study in Langa in the Western Cape examines the socio-political environment and racial/gender discrimination with regards to alcohol under apartheid policies. Themes include: African traditional beer (umqombothi), anti-government protests, discriminatory laws, the Eastern Cape, government beer halls, government policy with respect to alcohol, hostels, housing, migrant labour, racialised spaces, the 1976 riots, shebeens (a bar, predominately in the townships where alcohol is sold) and the smuggling of alcohol by residents., Pin7.08a.mp3: Part 1 of 2 ; 31:44 min. ; interview 8 of 16
Identifier: islandora:22551

Title: Death squad, Transvaal, South Africa, 1985
Subject: Police shootings, Police--Special weapons and tactics units, Death squads, Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: A Duduza township resident lies dead while members of a special police squad take a smoke break after an all night "clean-up". Photographs such as this led to government emergency regulations making it an offence to photograph police in an "unrest area or situation." Members of death squads usually wore woolen, hooded face covers, or masks, called "balaclavas", making it impossible to identify killers. In this photograph, the man with his back turned still has his balaclava down.
Identifier: islandora:854

Title: Lowering of coffins, Queenstown, 1985
Subject: Funeral service, Police shootings, Police shootings, Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: Coffins are lowered at the funeral of people killed in the "Queenstown massacre" when police opened fire after a meeting called to plan a consumer boycott, December 1985. The t-shirt of one of the mourners declares "Bullets won't stop us".
Identifier: islandora:901

Title: Home set alight in pre-election violence, Durban, South Africa
Subject: Squatter settlements--South Africa--Durban, Elections--South Africa--Durban, Apartheid--South Africa--Durban, Political history--South Africa--Durban, Political violence--South Africa--Durban
Description: A resident tries to extinguish the flames of his home, set alight in pre-election fighting between Inkatha and African National Congress (ANC) political party supporters in Bambayi Township, Durban, South Africa, 25 March 1994.
Identifier: islandora:5375

Title: Portrait of Winnie Mandela, Cape Town
Subject: Mandela, Winnie, Anti-apartheid activists
Description: Winnie Mandela
Identifier: islandora:14390

Title: Student protest, UWC
Subject: Apartheid--South Africa, South Africa--Politics and government--1978-1989, South Africa--History--1961-1994, Demonstrations--South Africa, Political activists--South Africa, Student protesters--South Africa,
Description: Student protesters overwhelmed by teargas on the UWC (University of the Western Cape) campus, Bellville, Cape Town.
Identifier: islandora:12578

Title: Mayor of Cape Town talks with his party leader before polling, Cape Town
Subject: Politicians--South Africa, Apartheid era, Elections
Description: Dr. Jan Dommisse, Mayor of Cape Town and U.P. [United Party] candidate for Sea Point (left), in a last minute chat with party leader Sir De Villiers Graaff and (right) Major Piet van der Byle, just before the close of polling at Sea Point last night. Major Van der Byl is a former parliamentarian and member of the Smuts war-time Cabinet.
Identifier: islandora:14685

Title: Call of Islam event, Cape Town
Subject: Apartheid--South Africa, South Africa--Politics and government--1978-1989, South Africa--History--1961-1994, Islam and politics--South Africa, Muslim women--South Africa, Political activists--South Africa,
Description: Fatima Meer at a 'Call of Islam salutes women' event in Cape Town., circa 1980s
Identifier: islandora:12627

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