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Title: Police arrest student during protest, Durban, 1985
Subject: Arrest (Police methods), Police brutality, Student protesters, Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: Police, carrying sjamboks (traditionally, rhinocerous hide whips, but often made of flexible plastic), arrest a student after breaking up protests that followed the assassination of United Democratic Front (UDF) leader and human rights lawyer, Victoria Mxenge, in Durban.
Identifier: islandora:860

Title: Oral history interview with Dinilesizwe Sobukwe, Robert Sobukwe's son
Subject: Oral history, Sobukwe, Robert Mangaliso, Political activists--South Africa--Biography, Pan Africanist Congress--History, South Africa--Politics and government--1961-1978, Anti-apartheid movements--South Africa--History, Government, Resistance to--South Africa,
Description: The interviews in this collection focus on the life history of Robert Sobukwe, teacher, lecturer, lawyer, secretary of the African National Congress (ANC) Branch in Standerton and first president of the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC). Interviewees include Achmat Cassiem (activist and Robben Island prisoner), Benjamin Pogrund (author of his autobiography), Charmaine van Tonder (Robert Sobukwe's neighbour) and Dinilesizwe Sobukwe (Robert Sobukwe's son). Themes include: the controversy regarding his burial; the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC); reflections on his funeral; his life on Robben Island; Sobukwe as a father; the Sharpeville Massacre and his work at the University of the Witwatersrand (WITS) . This sub-collection originated as research for the Albert Luthuli Young Historians award 2010., Pin13.04.mp3: Part 1 of 1 ; 20:15 min. ; interview 4 of 5
Identifier: islandora:19442

Title: Defending ANC flag, Langa township, 1987
Subject: Funeral service, Police, Youth--Political activity, Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: The Muslim leader, Moulana Faried Essack, tries to stop police from removing an African National Congress (ANC) flag draped over the coffin of slain ANC member, Ashley Kriel, in Langa township, Cape Town, July 1987. Symbols of the ANC, though illegal, were visible at funerals, an insistent reminder of the political meaning of the deaths.
Identifier: islandora:904

Title: Mother holding bloodstained shirt, Tembisa township, Transvaal, 1985
Subject: Police shootings, Political violence, Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: A mother holds up the bloodstained shirt of her son, shot in the back by police. According to government statistics, 381 people were killed in "unrest" incidents between September 1984 and April 1985. The government's own statistics acknowledged that three quarters of these victims died as a direct result of police action.
Identifier: islandora:874

Title: Student protest, Durban, 1986
Subject: Student protesters, Youth--Political activity, Demonstrations, Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: Students at Lamontville High School protest against South African Defense Force (SADF) attacks on African National Congress (ANC) refugees in Zambia and Zimbabwe. The ANC was banned before these students were born.
Identifier: islandora:879

Title: Lowering of coffins, Queenstown, 1985
Subject: Funeral service, Police shootings, Police shootings, Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: Coffins are lowered at the funeral of people killed in the "Queenstown massacre" when police opened fire after a meeting called to plan a consumer boycott, December 1985. The t-shirt of one of the mourners declares "Bullets won't stop us".
Identifier: islandora:901

Title: Black Sash, Magopa, 1984
Subject: Women political activists, Demonstrations, Black Sash (Society), Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: Black Sash protest, Magopa, 1984.
Identifier: islandora:857

Title: Oral history interview with Wilhelmina Trout [Part 3 of 3]
Subject: Oral history, Labor unions--Social aspects--South Africa, Economic conditions--South Africa, Apartheid--South Africa, Labor union members--South Africa--Interviews
Description: The interviews trace the working lives and political consciousness of three people involved with trade unions in industry. Themes include: Combined Workers Union, Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU), family background, gender discrimination, job reservation, student activism 1976-1985, shop stewards, political consciousness, working conditions, working environment and the 1980 school boycotts., Por3.04.mp3: Part 3 of 3 ; 07:35 min. ; interview 4 of 4
Identifier: islandora:25027

Title: Oral history interview with Virginia Sontshatsha
Subject: Oral history, Drinking of alcoholic beverages--Social aspects--South Africa, Apartheid--South Africa, Alcohol--Government policy--South Africa
Description: This project spans three sub-collections. This case study in Langa in the Western Cape examines the socio-political environment and racial/gender discrimination with regards to alcohol under apartheid policies. Themes include: African traditional beer (umqombothi), anti-government protests, discriminatory laws, the Eastern Cape, government beer halls, government policy with respect to alcohol, hostels, housing, migrant labour, racialised spaces, the 1976 riots, shebeens (a bar, predominately in the townships where alcohol is sold) and the smuggling of alcohol by residents., Pin8.14.mp3: Part 1 of 1 ; 26:31 min. ; interview 14 of 17
Identifier: islandora:29659

Title: Oral history interview with Fundiswa Matsha [Part 2 of 2]
Subject: Oral history, Drinking of alcoholic beverages--Social aspects--South Africa, Apartheid--South Africa, Alcohol--Government policy--South Africa
Description: This project spans three sub-collections. This case study in Langa in the Western Cape examines the socio-political environment and racial/gender discrimination with regards to alcohol under apartheid policies. Themes include: African traditional beer (umqombothi), anti-government protests, discriminatory laws, the Eastern Cape, government beer halls, government policy with respect to alcohol, hostels, housing, migrant labour, racialised spaces, the 1976 riots, shebeens (a bar, predominately in the townships where alcohol is sold) and the smuggling of alcohol by residents., Pin8.06b.mp3: Part 2 of 2 ; 08:32 min. ; interview 6 of 17
Identifier: islandora:29650

Title: Schoolboy arrested, Cape Town, 1987
Subject: Student protesters, Youth--Political activity, Political prisoners, Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: A schoolboy is arrested during protests against the 1987 white parliamentary elections in Athlone township, Cape Town, May 1987. In 1986, some 25,000 people were imprisoned without trial under the Emergency regulations. Of that number, 10,000 were children under the age of eighteen. In April 1987, the government stated that only 1,400 children were still in detention.
Identifier: islandora:880

Title: Workers' theater, Johannesburg, 1987
Subject: Women labor union members, Workers' theatre, Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: A delegation of women from the Food and Allied Workers Union participates in the Congress of South African Trade Unions' Culture Day, held as part of the union federation's 2nd National Conference. Theater is used for political expression. Women from Crossroads squatter town, for example, performed a well-received play, Imfuduso, dramatising their long struggle to preserve their homes.
Identifier: islandora:864

Title: Saying goodbye, Leandra township, Transvaal, April 1986
Subject: Youth--Political activity, Vigilantes, Grief, Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: A mother from Leandra township is overcome with emotion as she says goodbye to her son. Many young activists from Leandra fled to Johannesburg to escape right-wing vigilantes, thereby disrupting their education.
Identifier: islandora:856

Title: Funeral of Ashley Kriel, Langa township, 1987
Subject: Funeral service, Kriel, Ashley, -1987--Death and burial, Police, Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: Police attempt to remove an African National Congress (ANC) flag draped over the coffin of slain ANC member, Ashley Kriel, in Langa township, Cape Town. Symbols of the ANC, though illegal, were visible at funerals, an insistent reminder of the political meaning of the deaths.
Identifier: islandora:894

Title: Oral history interview with Jerome Nell and Clifford Cox [Part 2 of 2]
Subject: Oral history, Drinking of alcoholic beverages--Social aspects--South Africa, Apartheid--South Africa, Alcohol--Government policy--South Africa
Description: This project spans three sub-collections. This case study in Windermere/Kensington in the Western Cape focuses on the coloured residents of the area and examines the socio-political environment and racial/gender discrimination with regards to alcohol under apartheid policies. Themes include: discriminatory laws, government policy, housing, racialised spaces and the smuggling of alcohol by residents and shebeens (a bar, predominately in the townships where alcohol is sold)., Pin9.12b.mp3: Part 2 of 2 ; 28:13 min. ; interview 12 of 15
Identifier: islandora:29640

Title: IFP mass graves, South Africal, 1993
Subject: Apartheid--South Africa--Pietermaritzburg, Political violence--South Africa--Pietermaritzburg, History--Political aspects--South Africa--Pietermaritzburg, Goats--South Africa--Pietermaritzburg, Mass burials--South Africa--Pietermaritzburg, Best of Marinovich
Description: A goat stands on mass graves of Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) supporters killed in fighting with African National Congress (ANC) members at Table Mountain, near Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, 1993.
Identifier: islandora:1184

Title: Oral history interview with Mr Pitchard [Part 3 of 4]
Subject: Oral history, Anti-apartheid activists--South Africa--Interviews, Civil rights movements--South Africa, Government, Resistance to--South Africa, Colored people (South Africa)--Political activity, South Africa--Politics and government--1909-1948
Description: The interviews in this collection cover a wide range of topics linked to coloured identity, political organisations and activities in South Africa during the 1940s and post-1948 era. It includes information on protest actions, the defiance campaign, the torch commando, boycotts and train resistance efforts following the 1948 National Party election. Themes include the Anti-Coloured Affairs Department movement (Anti-CAD), civic organisations, education and welfare, the introduction of the Group Areas Act, political parties, race and class issues, the removal of coloured men from the national voters roll in 1956 and the Unity Movement., Pin3.07a.mp3: Part 3 of 4 ; 31:55 min. ; interview 7 of 11
Identifier: islandora:19416

Title: Desmond Tutu, KwaThema township, 1986
Subject: Tutu, Desmond, Funeral service, Political violence, Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: Archbishop Desmond Tutu speaks out against "necklace" killings at a funeral in KwaThema township, Transvaal (now Gauteng). Necklace killings only stopped after the United Democractic Front (UDF), the African National Congress (ANC), and other popular groups condemned the practice.
Identifier: islandora:897

Title: Oral history interview with Mlamli Philemon Mgenge
Subject: Oral history, Drinking of alcoholic beverages--Social aspects--South Africa, Apartheid--South Africa, Alcohol--Government policy--South Africa
Description: This project spans three sub-collections. This case study in Langa in the Western Cape examines the socio-political environment and racial/gender discrimination with regards to alcohol under apartheid policies. Themes include: African traditional beer (umqombothi), anti-government protests, discriminatory laws, the Eastern Cape, government beer halls, government policy with respect to alcohol, hostels, housing, migrant labour, racialised spaces, the 1976 riots, shebeens (a bar, predominately in the townships where alcohol is sold) and the smuggling of alcohol by residents., Pin7.07a.mp3: Part 1 of 1 ; 28:55 min.. ; interview 7 of 16
Identifier: islandora:22550

Title: UDF meeting, Pietermaritzburg, 1983
Subject: Gumede, Archie, Public meetings, Anti-apartheid movements, Apartheid, Political history--South Africa, Beyond the Barricades
Description: United Democratic Front (UDF) president, Archie Gumede (centre), leads the singing at the UDF's first public meeting in Pietermaritzburg.
Identifier: islandora:878

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